A critical component of plugging and abandonment of orphan wells includes the process of site restoration. Site restoration, which involves the removal of equipment, concrete, trash, and debris, the repair of erosion and removal of hydrocarbons and closing pits, can prevent potential safety hazards and allow landowners and citizens to employ the impacted area for other uses. In some cases, there is potential for groundwater contamination and wells must be "plugged" to reduce environmental risks. Some states designate funds and wait lists specifically for site restoration, while some states partner with industry or find other unique ways to address site restoration.

Both the Oklahoma Energy Resources Board and the Illinois Petroleum Resources Board are funded through voluntary contributions of oil and natural gas producers and royalty owners. These unique programs combine public education with reclamation of abandoned well sites in their states.

Oklahoma Energy Resources Board (OERB)
Illinois Petroleum Resources Boarrd (IPRB)